Human activities like deforestation, greenhouse gas emission leads to change in rainfall pattern, temperature and biodiversity. Climate change hampers agricultural productivity i.e.20-25 % by interfering with crop and physiology, morphology and biochemical constitution.10 rise in global mean temperature reduces the yield of rice by 7.2%, maize by 7.4%. Most fruits and vegetables are effected by freezing and chilling injury. Water logging, salt or toxic minerals accumulation changes the soil properties. Excess precipitation and drought disrupt farming activities.
So Climate Resilient Agriculture (CSA) is the basic approach to manage changing climate, it involves the set of agricultural practices and technologies which simultaneously boost productivity, enhance resilience. Main objectives of CSA are: “increasing agricultural productivity and incomes of farmers in sustainable way; developing and adopting resilience to climate change; and reducing pollution”.
Strategies under CSA are using tolerant and short duration varieties, minimizing disturbance of soil by zero or minimum tillage; agroforestry, optimizing crop calendar, crop rotation, mixed farming; adopting water harvesting strategies, sprinkler and drip irrigation methods; reducing dependency on chemical fertilizers, pesticides and weedicides and incorporating biofertilizers, biopesticides, crop rotation with legumes, using physical and mechanical practices to reduce weed, disease and pest infestation; using GIS ,GPS and remote sensing for precision application of inputs and to monitoring the crops, harvesting crop at harvesting maturity and storing it at adequate temperature and humidity to prevent postharvest loses; strengthening early warning systems about extreme weather conditions and reducing communication gap between farmers and agricultural experts, planning and policy making by government .
In India, National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) which provides policy framework for climate action in the country is implemented by Government of India. under NAPCC, National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) is one of the Missions. The mission deals with planning and implementing strategies for Climate Resilient Agriculture. Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA) to promote climate National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA) to promote climate resilient agricultural practices.
Achievements of ICAR on climate resilient agriculture includes the following;
• Development 1888 climate resilient crop varieties including 891 of cereals, 319 of oilseeds, 338 of pulses, 103 of forage crops, 182 of fiber crops, 45 of sugar crops, and 10 of other crops.
• Demonstrating, adopting and monitoring of climate resilient practices over 454 villages
• 88 biocontrol agents, 31 biopesticides and 41 Biofertilizers have been identified and used.
• Drip fertigation schedules for 35 crops and cropping systems for achieving higher water and nutrient use efficiency have been standardized.
• Development of District Agriculture Contingency Plans (DACPs) for 650 Districts.
As complete elimination or prevention of losses due to climate change is impossible, but by implementing suitable strategies can mitigate the impact with help of government and active corporation of society.

Devani Yemima

University/College name : Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha.