The circular economy is considered as sustainability since it influences supply chain process. the the legs of entire textile

The Three R’ concept- Reduce, Reuse, Recycle – is central to fostering manufacturing, which biological systems circular economy in bio- focuses on organisms. producing goods using biological systems or organisms.

The quantity of waste generated in the textile/apparel industry could be minimized through planning and strategic policies. As our textile and apparel industries are consumer based, eco friendly material is the need of the hour everywhere, and it ensures that the products could be utilized for re-engineering or to produce components of refashionable material in every production cycle. The new thinking of “take- make- dispose” creates mentality of a linear economy.
The circular economy is a model of production and consumption, which involves sharing, leasing, reusing, repairing, refurbishing and recycling existing materials and products as long as possible. In this way, life cycle of products is extended when a product reaches the end of its life, it’s materials are kept within the economy wherever possible these can be productively used again and again thereby creating further value.

This is a departure from the traditional ,linear economic model, which is based on a take make consume throw away pattern. large quantities of cheap, easily and energy. This model relies on large quantities of cheap, easily accessible materials and energy.

The Circular Economy is restorative and regenerative by design. In a circular economy economic activity build and rebuild overall system health. The concept recognized the importance of the economy needing to work effectively at all scales for big and small businesses, for organisation and individuals, globally and locally.

It is based on three principles:-

1. Eliminate waste and pollution

2.Circulate products and materials.

3. Regenerate nature.

Consumers play an important role in reducing pollution. Following the “three R’s” (reduce, reuse and recycle) is a way to do it.

1. Reduce: we can take this primary step when using water, electricity or gas (e.g., switching off devices or turning off the tap when we’re not using them), minimize the use of raw material and energy input by optimizing production process. for eg, designing more efficient fermentation processes to lower energy consumption or using precision fermentation to produce only the necessary biological compounds.

• Reduce waste during manufacturing by using biotechnology, like engineered microbes that produce fewer by products or more efficient enzymes.

2. Reuse:
– Reuse by-products of the bio-manufacturing process for other applications. For instance, biomass waste from fermentation could be used as feedstock for bioenergy production or as raw materials in other industrial processes.
– Extend the life of biological systems (such as bioreactors) by implementing closed-loop systems where they can be cleaned, sterilized, and reused with minimal downtime.

3. Recycle:
– Recycle biological waste materials back into the manufacturing cycle, either by breaking them down into useful compounds or using them as nutrients for further bioprocessing.
– Convert biological waste into valuable products, such as biofuels, fertilizers, or bioplastics, that can re-enter the market, creating a closed-loop cycle.

These practices collectively ensure that bio-manufacturing processes contribute to a more sustainable, circular economy by minimizing waste and maximizing resource efficiency.

Vedanshi Bhatt

University/College name : Swami Rama Himalayan University, Jollygrant,Dehradun, Uttarakhand.